The institutionalization of social movement (SMO) participation in deliberative decision-making and strengthening referenda from below. In such a system, SMOs overtake the functions to articulate public distrust and democratic malaise, to serve as an experimentation field for political innovation, to revitalize solidarity in society in participatory and deliberative spheres, and to serve together with the judiciary system as an instrument of external control and permanent contestation of the executive.
Proponents: Donnatella della Porta
For further interest on this topic:
| Reason for intervention | Elite-electorate gap, low responsiveness of government services |
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